California Fruit and Vegetable

Category: Industry News

  • Registration Open for UC Riverside Citrus Day

    Registration is now open for the upcoming UC Riverside Citrus Field Day, which will run from 9 AM. to 3 PM on Thursday, February 19.

    The Field Day will cover a number of subjects of interest to citrus growers. This includes the latest updates on pesticide regulations and pest control, weed control, rootstock applications, citrus scion breeding and evaluation program fruit displays and updates on UCR Research.

    Registration is $50 per person, with lunch included. Parking is available in Lot 30 (across Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd. from the Ag Operations Office). The cost of parking is $11 and must be paid for through the ParkMobile app. There will be a shuttle available from the parking lot to the location.

    The Citrus Field Day is an outdoor field meeting. Attendees are advised to come with footwear appropriate for walking in citrus groves and on uneven ground, and to be prepared for potential changes in weather conditions.

    Agenda

    February 19, 2026

    8:45 AM     

    Registration and Parking

    9:00 AM     

    Welcome – Dr. Peggy Mauk and Dr. Tracy Kahn, University of California, Riverside

    9:15 AM     

    Updates on Changes in Pesticide Regulations, Fruit Fly Quarantine, ACP/HLB Regulations – Delia Cioc, Agricultural Commissioner and Chris Blake, Deputy Agricultural Commissioner, Riverside County

    10:00 AM

    First Rotation (30 minutes per speaker)

    Strategies for Controlling Phytophthora spp. in Citrus – Dr. Jim Adaskaveg, University of California, Riverside

    Role of the California Citrus Clonal Protection Program in Disease Prevention – Dr. Georgios Vidalakis, University of California, Riverside

    11:10 AM

    Second Rotation (30 minutes per speaker)

    Strategies for Controlling Asian Citrus Psyllid – Dr. Bodil Cass, University of California, Riverside

    Weed Control Strategies – Dr. Matt Fatino, University of California, Agricultural and Natural Resources San Diego/Riverside Co.

    12:15 PM

    Lunch and Tasting Selections

    Tables for Tasting Selections:

    • Long-term Solutions for Citrus Huanglongbing – Dr. Chandrika Ramadugu, University of California, Riverside
    • UCR Citrus Scion Breeding and Evaluation Program Fruit Display – Toni Siebert Wooldridge, Karen Trunnelle, Dr. Tracy Kahn, Dr. Mikeal Roose, Dr. Danelle Seymour, and Dr. Claire Federici, University of California, Riverside
    • Citrus Relatives Rootstock Trial Tasting: Determining if using relatives as rootstocks impacts the flavor of navel oranges– Zach Thomas and Dr. Mikeal Roose, University of California, Riverside

    1:30 PM

    Third Rotation (30 minutes per speaker)

    Research Update and Overview of the CRaFT Program – Dr. Melinda Klein and Dr. Ivan Milosavljević, Citrus Research Board

    Strategies for Nutritional Management – Dr. Ben Faber, University of California, Agricultural and Natural Resources Ventura

    2:30 PM

    Wrap Up

    3:00 PM

    Adjourn

    Continuing Education Units: This event is approved for 1.0 Laws & Regulations and 2.5 Other CEUs from the California Department of Pesticide Regulations.

    For more information, call UCR Ag Operations at (951) 827-5906 or email agops@ucr.edu

    — UC Riverside

  • Kula Bio® Launches Soluble Powder (SP) Line of Its Innovative Nitrogen Fixing Biological Products

    —Sponsored Content—

    Boston, MA — February 2, 2026 — Kula Bio, a sustainable nitrogen provider, today announced the commercial launch of Kula-NSP and Kula-NextSP, two shelf-stable, soluble powders that deliver efficient nitrogen-fixing bacteria directly to the root zone.

    Kula Bio’s SP product line builds on the strong agronomic performance of its liquid formulations introduced in 2024, translating that success into a dry, soluble powder engineered to simplify operations, eliminate cold storage requirements, and significantly extend shelf life. With OMRI certification, Kula-NSP is approved for certified organic production, while Kula-NextSP is designed for conventional agriculture. Both products extend the proven platform established by Kula-N, Kula Bio’s flagship solution approved as a Certified Biostimulant by The Fertilizer Institute (TFI), and the company plans to pursue the same certification pathway for its new dry formulations as part of its broader commitment to quality, credibility, and leadership in the biologicals space.

     “This launch reflects our commitment to delivering practical, reliable solutions that are easy for farmers and distributors to adopt at scale. Our focus was on combining consistent biological performance with a product that can be stored, handled, and applied seamlessly in commercial agricultural settings without compromising quality,” said Harrison Yoon, CEO at Kula Bio. How It Works

    Both products feature Xanthobacter autotrophicus, a nitrogen-fixing microbe, distinct for its ability to store its own energy. Kula Bio’s proprietary manufacturing process supercharges these microbes, providing them with a robust internal carbon reserve, enhancing their natural nitrogen‑fixing capabilities. In comparative studies, Xanthobacter autotrophicus has demonstrated up to 65% greater efficiency in nitrogen fixation compared to conventional nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

    Once applied to the soil, the organism actively converts atmospheric nitrogen into plant available forms directly in the root zone, ensuring a steady and targeted uptake of nitrogen.

    How Kula-NSP and Kula-NextSP help Growers:

    •       Boost traditional nitrogen programs

    Maintain nitrogen availability between fertilizer applications with a consistent supply that supports crops through critical growth stages.

    •       Replace a portion of synthetic nitrogen

    Provide an alternative that supports compliance in regions facing strict nitrogen regulations while improving economic flexibility.

    •       Support Organic farmers

    Deliver a reliable organic source (Kula-NSP) of sustainable nitrogen without compromising quality or yield.

    •       Improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE)

    Deliver plant ready nitrogen directly to the root zone, maximizing uptake and reducing losses from leaching or volatilization.

    “Growers are under pressure to produce more with fewer inputs, tighter regulations, and unpredictable markets. Kula-NextSP and Kula-NSP give them a reliable biological alternative that performs in real‑world conditions with cost competitiveness to fit their Nitrogen programs,” said Geraldo Mattioli, CCO at Kula Bio. 

    About Kula Bio

    Kula Bio is advancing sustainable agriculture by harnessing the power of naturally occurring microbes to provide a reliable alternative to traditional nitrogen fertilizers. Through biological innovation and precision application, Kula Bio delivers environmentally responsible, efficient, and cost‑competitive nitrogen solutions for modern crop production.

  • Favorable Weather Yields Abundant Avocado Crop for Chile

    In marketing year (MY) 2024/25, favorable climatic conditions and abundant rainfall boosted avocado production to 240,000 metric tons (MT), a 60 percent increase from MY 2023/24. Post expects MY 2025/26 production to remain unchanged at 240,000 MT. The planted area remains stable at 33,025 hectares, with the Valparaíso region accounting for 61.9 percent of total production. In MY 2024/25, exports surged to 134,255 MT, a 50.3 percent increase, driven by strong demand from markets such as Argentina, the Netherlands, and Spain, while imports declined by 27.6 percent due to higher domestic supply. Chileans maintain high per capita avocado consumption, incorporating avocados into daily meals and foodservice offerings like sandwiches and sushi, with prices remaining competitive due to increased supply.

    Production

    In MY 2024/25, avocado output in Chile experienced a significant recovery despite the persistence of a multi-year drought. Favorable winter conditions, including well-distributed and above-average rainfall, contributed to improved yields and higher overall production. According to the Chilean Avocado Committee, in MY 2024/25, from July 2024 to June 2025, avocado production reached 240,000 MT, a 60 percent increase from the 150,000 MT produced in MY 2023/24.

    In MY 2024/25, the Chilean avocado area planted totaled 33,025 hectares (ha), virtually unchanged from the previous marketing year (see Figure 1). In MY 2025/26, production is expected to remain unchanged and reach 240,000 MT, assuming high yields and no changes in area planted.

    The planted area spans from the Coquimbo region in the northern part of Chile to the O’Higgins region in the central-south part of the country (see Map 1). The Valparaiso region is the top avocado producing region with 20,434 hectares, accounting for 61.9 percent of the total area planted with avocados. The Metropolitan, Coquimbo, and O’Higgins regions also hold significant shares of the area planted with avocados. Over the past three marketing years, the avocado planted area has grown in all regions (see Table 1).

    Hass is the main avocado variety produced in Chile. Consumers prefer Hass avocados for their creaminess and high oil content. However, Hass is sensitive to  frost and excessive soil humidity, which limits its cultivation to hillsides and well-drained soils. Other avocado varieties produced in Chile in smaller quantities include Edranol, Negra de la Cruz, Fuerte, and Bacon.

    Trade

    Exports

    In MY 2024/25, Chilean avocado exports reached 134,255 MT, a 50.3 percent increase compared to the 89,346 MT exported in MY 2023/24. Export volumes in the first three months of MY 2025/26 totaled 15,232 MT, two percent lower than the 15,550 MT exported during the same period in MY 2024/25 (Table 2).

    Chile’s top export markets in MY 2024/25 include by Argentina (21.7 percent), which accounted for 21.7 percent of total exports, the Netherlands (19.1 percent), Spain (12.3 percent), and the United Kingdom (11.3 percent) (Table 2). Export values also saw substantial growth. In MY 2024/25, Chilean avocado exports reached $364.4 million, a 58.6 percent increase compared to the $229.7 million recorded in MY 2023/24 (Table 3).

    Chilean avocado exports peak between October and November, coinciding with the bulk of the harvest (see Figure 2). In August 2025, avocado exports were slightly lower than the previous year, while in September 2025, they were slightly higher, reflecting expectations of relatively stable yields.

    Figure 3 shows the unit value (USD/MT) for Chilean avocado exports by month. Export values peak from April to July each year, during the Chilean offseason when avocado supply is lower. In the beginning of MY 2025/26, July to September 2025, unit values were significantly lower than the previous marketing years, which is consistent with an increase in production and exports.

    Imports

    In MY 2024/25, Chilean avocado imports decreased by 27.6 percent, totaling 49,751 MT, due to higher domestic production. Import volumes in the first three months of MY 2024/25 totaled 34,998 MT, a significant 82.3 percent increase compared to the 19,202 MT imported during the same period in MY 2023/24 (Table 4). Peru remains Chile’s dominant supplier, accounting for 99.8 percent of total imports (49,651 MT). Other smaller suppliers include Brazil and Argentina (Table 4).

    Import values also declined significantly. In MY 2024/25, Chile imported avocados valued at $74.9 million, a 33.7 percent decrease compared to the $112.8 million recorded in MY 2023/24. Peru accounted for 99.8 percent of total import value ($74.7 million), while Brazil and Argentina contributed marginal shares of $78,651 and $67,319, respectively (Table 5). Avocado imports peak during Chile’s non-production months, typically between May and August, when domestic supply is unavailable (Figure 4).

    Consumption

    After Mexico, Chile has the second highest per capita avocado consumption level in the world. Domestic demand is consistently strong, as Chileans consider avocados a staple food and incorporate them into everyday meals. The food service industry also incorporates avocados broadly into products such as sandwiches, hot dogs, salads, and sushi.

    In general, larger and defect-free avocados are sold in retail markets, while smaller sized avocados are typically preferred by the food service sector. Consumption tends to rise around July and August when domestic supply increases and retail prices fall. Despite its cultural importance, avocado demand in Chile is price-sensitive, and consumption levels can fluctuate noticeably when prices peak due to limited supply or increased export activity.

    Since there is a high demand for avocado, domestic prices are high and competitive compared to export price. Avocado prices are higher during the offseason between February and April each year (Figure 5). Prices are usually from $4.50 USD per kilogram (kg) to $5.00 USD per kg, but they can reach values as high as $6.10 USD per kg when the avocado supply is low. In MY 2024/25, prices did not pick up too much because of the high supply of avocado.

    — By the USDA Foreign Ag Service Chile and Sergio Gonzalez

  • Slight Citrus Production Decrease Predicted for Mexico

    In market year (MY) 2025/26, total citrus production in Mexico is expected to decrease slightly by 0.4 percent from the previous year, driven primarily by a decrease in orange production. MY 2024/25 fresh orange production is estimated down on heavy rains caused by tropical storms Raymond and Priscilla that hit main producing regions in October 2025 postponing harvesting in some areas until early MY 2025/26. Environmental factors, such as prolonged drought, extreme heat, and erratic rainfall, are expected to hamper production. Orange juice production is subsequently also projected down slightly on lower available orange supplies and inconsistent fruit quality. Exports of fresh citrus fruit are projected to maintain a relatively moderate upward trend for fresh lemons/limes and a marginal decrease for fresh oranges.

    Executive Summary:

    MY 2025/26 total production in Mexico of fresh oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruit is expected to decrease by 0.4 percent from the previous year as Mexican citrus production remains challenged by adverse environmental conditions such as prolonged drought and high temperatures affecting many of Mexico’s key producing areas.

    Mexico’s total domestic consumption is up an average 4 percent across all fresh citrus, driven by a 6 percent increase in fresh lemon/lime consumption. However, consumer purchasing behavior continues to be primarily constrained by the economic environment. While included in the Mexican Department of Agriculture’s official basic food basket, or “canasta basica,” fresh citrus and other fruit products are generally not prioritized as staple food items by medium and low-income Mexican consumers.

    Fresh citrus fruit exports are expected to continue to rise due to a moderate increase in lemon/lime exports offsetting declining orange exports. MY 2025/26 fresh citrus exports are projected to be above MY 2024/25 exports due to higher available exportable lemon/lime supplies. Mexico’s imports of fresh citrus fruit are minimal and largely unchanged year to year. In 2024, according to Agri-food and Fisheries Information Service (SIAP), total area planted with citrus fruits covered in this report (oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruit) reached over 604,000 hectares, a 1.2 percent increase from the previous year. Oranges make up 58 percent of total citrus planted area, lemons 38 percent, and grapefruit 3.6 percent. This distribution has remained consistent for the last 11 years.

    Planted Area

    For MY 2025/26 (November/October), Post projects orange planted area at 356,800 hectares (ha), a 0.97 percent increase from the previous year. Over the last couple of years, Mexico’s largest orange growing regions have been affected by prolonged drought, and recently in October, tropical storm Priscilla caused severe flooding in the state of Veracruz. Most of the damage took place in orange groves close to riverbanks. Additionally, HLB (Huanglongbing), also known

    as yellow dragon disease, and other pests continue to reduce yields in Veracruz and other major

    producing states.

    In general, farmers face higher operational costs, driven by increasing prices of fertilizer, electricity, and fuel. To address these challenges, large-scale growers are exploring improved post-harvest strategies as well as implementing sustainable solutions such as the use of bio-stimulant products and good agroecological practices. Across the

    country, for the last five years constant weather fluctuations like extreme heat, limited water availability, and intense downpours in short periods of time have hampered crop production and fruit quality, especially in terms of size and juice content.

    For MY 2024/25, large growers producing under irrigation systems expect their fruit to be well-sized and with more juice content but anticipate a decline in their external (cosmetic) appearance, making the fruit less attractive for the retail market. Consequently, growers often delay cutting/harvesting the fruit produced in irrigated orchards to secure a better market price with improved product quality.

    Based on available official data, Mexico’s MY 2024/25 orange planted area is estimated to be 353,342 hectares, a marginal decrease from 353,609 ha in MY 2023/24. In 2024, the majority of Mexico’s total orange planted area was concentrated in the states of Veracruz (48.6 percent), Puebla (10 percent), Tamaulipas (10 percent), San Luis Potosi (9 percent), and Nuevo Leon (7 percent). Other states combined accounted for the remaining 15 percent.

    Production

    Despite a moderate increase in planted area, Post forecasts orangeproduction for MY 2025/26 will decrease 2.8 percent from the previous year at 4.7 million metric tons (MMT) on adverse weather. In October 2025, tropical storms Raymond and Priscilla damaged many orange orchards near riverbanks in major producing areas in Veracruz and interrupted end-of-marketing year harvesting activities. Although the storms caused major fruit loss in those affected areas, many fruits remained unharvested on the trees and were unable to be harvested until November-December 2025 and thus will be counted towards MY 2025/26 production.

    Mexico’s MY 2024/25 orange production is estimated at 4.83 MMT based on available official data. This represents a decrease of 2.1 percent from the previous year’s estimated production of 4.96 MMT. Over past few years, production has been unstable due mainly to adverse environmental conditions including prolonged droughts, high temperatures, and erratic rainfall. In the current year, growers anticipate lower output and average external (aesthetic) fruit quality, although with good flavor and juice content. According to estimates from both Post and USDA official data for MY 2024/25, Mexico holds a firm fourth position in global orange production, accounting for 11 percent of the worldwide total, behind Brazil, China, and the European Union.

    Using available official data, Post estimates Mexico’s national orange yield for MY 2024/25 at 14.17 metric tons per hectare (MT/ha), a decrease of 2.2 percent from the previous year as a result of the unprecedented heavy rains in October. Post anticipates that the environmental conditions mentioned will continue to negatively affect planting, harvesting, and overall citrus yields in MY 2025/26.

    The state of Veracruz largely determines the trajectory of Mexico’s orange crop, as it accounts for almost half of the total national planted area for oranges. According to SIAP official data, orange production in MY 2024/25 is 2.1 percent lower than the 4.94 MMT crop in MY 2023/24. The decrease in volume is mainly attributable to a 23.2 percent decrease in production in Tamaulipas, the second largest orange producing state, although the loss was offset by a 1.1 percent increase in production in Veracruz and a 9.8 percent volume increase in Puebla, the third largest producer in CY 2024. In CY 2024, according to available official data, Nuevo Leon ranks fifth with 5 percent of total national orange production. Based on Mexican official available data, in CY 2024, national orange production exceeded 4.83 MMT. The Valencia orange continues to be the predominant variety with over 95 percent of national orange production followed by the Hamlin variety with 4 percent. The Marrs, Navel, and Criolla varieties account for the remaining 1 percent. The ratio among orange varieties has remained stable for many years. Based on expectations among orange growers/packers regarding current higher fresh orange retail market prices versus prices offered for fresh oranges by juice processors, the price difference could potentially lower available fresh orange inputs for the juice industry in MY 2025/26.

    Phytosanitary Issues Huanglongbing (HLB) or yellow dragon is a phytosanitary hazard to citrus growers and present in Mexico’s major citrus producing areas. To mitigate the impact of HLB, Mexico’s federal and state governments continue to work together to implement measures such as biological control and integrated pest management, in addition to training and promoting good agricultural practices.

    Consumption

    Post forecasts Mexico’s domestic fresh orange consumption at 2.7 MMT in MY 2025/26, a moderate 3 percent increase from the previous marketing year. This increase is largely due to the marketing year shift of many MY 2024/25 fruits that were delayed in being harvested due to tropical storms in October 2025. The uptick is also due to fewer fruits being destined for processing into juice as prices for fresh oranges currently outpace those offered by the juice industry, creating higher available fresh fruit supplies for consumers. However, this expected increase in consumption is likely to be curbed by economic factors that continue to affect consumers’ purchasing power. According to the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) in September 2025, the cost of basic food basket products increased by 3.6 percent year-over-year in rural areas, slightly below the overall annual inflation rate (3.8 percent), whereas in urban areas the increase in food basic basket products reached 4.7 percent. The rising price of food continues impacting consumers’ purchasing decisions, making them more selective when buying food items such as fruits. Oranges, for example are included in the basic food basket “Canasta Básica,” but they are prioritized lower by lower/middle class families than animal proteins such as poultry and eggs. Fresh orange consumption in MY 2024/25 is estimated at 2.61 MMT.

    Trade

    For MY 2025/26, Post forecasts Mexico’s fresh orange exports at 49,000 MT, a decrease of 9 percent versus 54,000 MT estimated for MY 2024/25 due to lower available exportable fruit and SPS-related logistical challenges for producers in Nuevo Leon. Nuevo Leon’s orange production for CY 2024 is up 7 percent from CY 2023 according to available official data; however, exporters in this region face costly logistical burdens with the cessation of APHIS’ roving seasonal inspection services in the high production area of Montemorelos a few years ago. Although Nuevo Leon borders the United States, fruit packers in Nuevo Leon must now send their shipments down south around 180 miles to San Luis Potosi to have their fruits irradiated at an APHIS-approved facility before sending them back north for export to United States, per information on SENASICA’s website Moreover, according to producers, fresh orange prices in Mexico are lucrative enough that many suppliers are choosing to sell to the local market over exporting. Consequently, Post estimates a

    drop in the volume of fresh orange exports from Mexico to the United States in MY 2025/26. Historically, the United States has accounted for over 98 percent of Mexican orange exports.

    MY 2025/26 fresh orange imports are forecast at 31,000 MT, a 24 percent increase from 25,000 MT of imports in MY 2024/25, considering the drop in domestic production volume and relatively steady fruit imports from the United States. Mexico imports fresh oranges exclusively from the United States, which go to retail and wholesale markets.

    Policy

    At the time of this report, the exportation of fresh oranges, grapefruit, and tangerines from Mexico to the United States is allowed for compliant products under current USDA/APHIS and SADER/SENASICA work plans. Since 1988, the state of Sonora has been a fruit fly-free zone according to USDA/APHIS, and fruit grown in this state is not regulated by the applicable work plans for citrus fruits. Read the full report at https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/Report/DownloadReportByFileName?fileName=Citrus%20Annual_Monterrey%20ATO_Mexico_MX2025-0069.pdf — By USDA Foreign Ag Service Mexico and Eduardo Lozano

  • Increased Citrus Yield Predicted for Brazil

    The Brazilian orange crop for Marketing Year (MY) 2025/26 is forecast at 330 million 90-pound boxes (MBx) – standard reference, equivalent to 13.5 million metric tons (MMT), an increase of 3.7 percent compared to previous Post estimate (320 million boxes or 13 MMT), primarily due to satisfactory weather conditions expected in 2026. Post forecasts the Brazilian FCOJ 65 Brix equivalent production in MY 2025/26 at 1.03 MMT, an increase of 1.86 percent from Post’s revised estimate for MY 2024/25 (1.01 MMT).

    FRESH ORANGES

    PS&D Table

    The following table provides data for Brazilian fresh orange production, supply, and distribution (PS&D) for Brazilian (BR) marketing years (MY, July-June) 2024/25, 2025/26, and 2026/27. The MY mentioned above are equivalent to U.S. MY 2023/24, 2024/25, and 2025/26, respectively.

    Production

    Post forecasts the total Brazilian orange crop for MY 2025/26 (July/June) at 330 million 40.8-kg boxes (MBx) – standard reference equivalent to 90 pounds – or 13.5 million metric tons (MMT). This is an increase of 3.7 percent compared to the Post estimate for MY 2024/25 (320 million boxes or 13 MMT), due to satisfactory weather conditions expected in 2026.

    According to Post contacts, despite the incidence of greening, MY 2025/26 crop is projected to perform well, especially if orchards benefit from milder temperatures, with little expected variation.

    The citrus belt, which is composed of the northwest of São Paulo state and the western part of Minas Gerais state, known as “Triângulo Mineiro”, is the main production region in Brazil. The MY 2024/25 orange crop forecast for the citrus belt, released on December 10, 2025, by Fundecitrus in collaboration with FCAV/Unesp, projects total production at 294.81 million boxes (40.8 kg each). Of this total, approximately 26.93 million boxes are expected to be produced in the Triângulo Mineiro region.

    According to Fundecitrus, the MY 2024/25 orange harvest began with two primary blooms, with the second bloom playing a critical role in crop development. Below-average rainfall and slower fruit maturation marked the early months, but conditions improved by late 2025, enhancing fruit quality, Brix-to-acidity ratios, and sensory attributes of the juice. While greening remains a concern, the outlook for production quality is increasingly positive.

    From May to November 2025, total rainfall in the citrus belt reached 392 mm, 20 percent below the 1991–2020 average. According to Fundecitrus, the citrus belt experienced drier-than-normal conditions during the first nine months of 2024, a period critical for orange tree flowering. During this period, accumulated rainfall was 55 percent below average, resulting in insufficient soil moisture for non-irrigated groves to induce flowering.

    In Brazil, approximately 20 percent of orange production is sold as fresh fruit (in natura), while the remaining 80 percent is processed for juice. The main orange varieties that Brazil produces are Hamlim, Westin, Rubi, Valencia Americana, Seleta, Pineapple, BRS Alvorada, Pera Rio – pear orange, Valencia, “Folha Murcha” Valencia, and Natal.

    Figure 1 shows the history of orange production in the Brazilian citrus belt, reflecting significant oscillations over the course of twenty-five years. Production ranged from 436 million 40.8-Kg/90-pound boxes (18.36 MMT) in BR MY 1999/2000 to the estimated 294 million (12 MMT) BR MY 2025/26, aprojected decrease of 32 percent from the previous harvest (BR MY 2024/25), due to fruit drop and reduction in size. Nevertheless, Post contacts indicate the current harvest is the largest since 2020.According to the latest estimates from Fundecitrus, the average weight of fruit is 4 grams lower than projected in September. As a result, the number of oranges required to fill a 40.8 kg box has increased from 258 (158 g/5.57 oz each) to 265 (154 g/5.43 oz each).

    The southwest region (Itapetininga and Avaré) leads with 1,103 boxes/hectare, up 23 percent from last season, likely maintaining top status, according to Fundecitrus. The most challenging area is northwest region (Votuporanga and São José do Rio Preto), with low yield at 552 boxes/hectare, still 16 percent above previous levels. The north region experienced the highest change, at 41.8 percent.

    September 2025 rainfall in key citrus regions of São Paulo and Minas Gerais helped induce flowering in certain orchards, but the volume remained insufficient to offset the ongoing water deficit. October 2025 rains begun improving conditions for orange trees and preparing them for next season’s blooms, according to the Center for Advanced Studies on Applied Economics (Cepea). Mid-season oranges, which are essential for the juice industry, were previously in high supply. However, concerns about fruit drop may limit the total harvest volume for the MY 2024/25 (BR MY 2025/26) season.

    A recent NOAA report indicates that although La Niña is currently weak, it is expected to continue influencing Brazil’s climate through early summer 2025. The phenomenon will likely bring increased rainfall to the Center-West and Southeast regions, milder temperatures along the coast, and more frequent storms. In contrast, the South is expected to experience variable, but not extreme, weather conditions.

    According to Post contacts, weather conditions in 2025 were generally stable, which supported strong crop production. However, the citrus belt faces ongoing dry spells, heat waves, and rising temperatures from La Niña, expected to last until March 2026. The past five years have also seen high temperatures, with 2026’s outlook depending on La Niña’s strength.

    By mid-2026, the likelihood of El Niño – typically associated with hotter weather and irregular rainfall in Brazil – begins to rise, potentially becoming dominant in 2027. This could significantly alter rainfall patterns and temperatures, making it essential for Brazilian farmers and to monitor updates and prepare for possible climate extremes.

    Climatempo reports that rainfall in Brazil’s citrus belt from May to August 2025 averaged 94 mm, 33 percent below the historical average (1991-2020), except in São José do Rio Preto, which saw 21 percent above-average precipitation. Despite this, April and June rains provided sufficient soil moisture, keeping the weight of early varieties like Hamlin, Westin, and Rubi stable at 134 g (305 fruits per box). Within the citrus belt regions, in 2025, only Porto Ferreira exceeded historical rainfall levels; all other regions fell short. The North experienced the steepest declines, with deficits between 32 percent and 47 percent. São José do Rio Preto and Brotas saw drops of 21 percent, followed by Matão and Duartina (18 percent), Avaré (17 percent), Itapetininga (15 percent), Votuporanga (11 percent), and Limeira (6 percent).

    Exports

    Post forecasts Brazilian FCOJ 66 Brix equivalent exports in MY 2025/26 at 973,276 MT, a slight increase of 2 percent compared to Post estimate for the previous crop (953,840 MT). According to Post contacts, the country is exploring new markets in Europe, as well as the People’s Republic of China (PRC), with a slight presence already in place. There are a few projects and campaigns from the Brazilian Trade and Investment Promotion Agency (Apex) already underway to promote the Brazilian orange juice to other markets, such as “Orange Juice, a good choice”; and the IFU Juice Conference.

    Organized by the International Fruit and Vegetable Juice Association (IFU) in partnership with CitrusBR, the event brought together Brazilian business leaders and international buyers from over 28 countries. ApexBrasil was the official sponsor of the 2025 edition, which hosted around 250 participants and served as a key platform for business development, networking, and strengthening Brazil’s presence in the global juice market.

    Brazil is the world’s largest supplier of concentrated juice, remaining capable of large-scale production, despite oscillations in production. The country plays a crucial role in meeting U.S. demand, as 80 percent of the orange juice consumed in the U.S. is imported, primarily from Brazil and Mexico. This reliance has grown due to Florida’s declining citrus production, driven by the spread of greening disease (HLB).

    The European Union (EU) remains the dominant market for Brazilian orange juice. However, there is a downward trend over the period. Exports to the EU decreased from 654,098 MT in MY 2019/20 to. MY 2025/26 161,413 MT so far in MY 2025/26.

    Exports to the U.S. fluctuated but generally remained robust, peaking at 340,736 MT in MY 2021/22. Since then, there has been a gradual decline, with 309,668 MT exported in MY 2023/24 and 161,958 MT in the partial MY 2025/26. Despite the decrease, the U.S. continues to be a critical destination for Brazilian orange juice, due to its large consumer base and established trade relationships.

    — By USDA Foreign Ag Service Brazil and Carolina Castro

  • Florida Citrus Industry Makes Progress in Fight Against Huanglongbing

    A much-anticipated research project on the deadly citrus disease huanglongbing, commonly referred to as “citrus greening” is coming to fruition, marked by the start of another harvest of a key citrus grove in Fort Pierce.

    Harvest on the Millennium Block project, a seven-year University of Florida research project is underway, and researchers will use the data collected from fruit harvested from 2022 to 2026 to analyze how much these potential solutions offer farmers hope against citrus greening, with results expected later this year.

    The damaging crop disease has decimated Florida orange and grapefruit groves, reducing production across all citrus-growing regions, reaching over 80% of the state’s citrus, and the Millennium Block was envisioned as a place where bold risks could be taken in the fight against citrus greening. The Millennium Block, which was planted at the UF Institute of Food and Agricultural Science’s (UF/IFAS) Indian River Research and Education Center (IRREC), in 2019, is now a 5,000-tree research project with trees that were bred to be tolerant to citrus greening, said Flavia Zambon, assistant professor of citrus production at UF/IFAS IRREC.

    Citrus greening remains one of the most destructive challenges facing Florida’s citrus industry. Spread by a tiny bug called a psyllid, the bacterium that causes the disease attacks trees from the inside out, reducing fruit quality, yield and ultimately killing entire groves. Infected trees produce smaller, misshapen and bitter, green fruit – if they produce any at all. The disease spreads quickly through the flying insects, making containment difficult once a grove is infected.

    “Citrus greening is a fundamental threat to the Florida citrus industry, and we’re eager to see the results of this long-awaited research trial to see what options we can suggest for farmers for greening-tolerant citrus varieties,” Zambon said.

    The Millennium Block includes various citrus varieties in four research trials, one including 18 grapefruits and three commercial rootstocks, and the other three with 32 rootstocks grafted with Ray Ruby grapefruit, Glenn Navel sweet orange and UF-950 mandarin.

    Harvest will continue through early February, and citrus will be pulled and juiced to be tested for physical marketable qualities, such as size, and juice quality attributes, such as sugar concentration and acidity, which affect the price that growers can expect to receive for their fruit.

    “There are all these attributes that need to be in balance for both growers and consumers,” Zambon said.

    In addition, they will evaluate the amount of market-quality citrus grown, both by the amount of fruit and by the total weight.

    Researchers also used drones to evaluate the health of the Millennium Block’s trees and to see if there is a correlation between canopy size and the amount of fruit it produced – another potential predictive tool for farmers.

    Maintenance for the Millennium Block is funded in part by the John T. Moose IRREC Enhancement Endowment.

    Harvest of the citrus fields at the Millennium Block at UF/IFAS has begun, and the fruit and juice from the harvest will be evaluated for their marketable qualities. Photo Credit: UF/IFAS, Joe McQueen.

    ABOUT UF/IFAS
    The mission of the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) is to develop knowledge relevant to agricultural, human and natural resources and to make that knowledge available to sustain and enhance the quality of human life. With more than a dozen research facilities, 67 county Extension offices, and award-winning students and faculty in the UF College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, UF/IFAS brings science-based solutions to the state’s agricultural and natural resources industries, and all Florida residents.

    Harvest of the citrus fields at the Millennium Block at UF/IFAS has begun, and the fruit and juice from the harvest will be evaluated for their marketable qualities. Photo Credit: UF/IFAS, Joe McQueen.

  • Doubled Peaches Cause Double Trouble for Growers and Processors

    Two for one deals aren’t always a bargain growers are looking for. Doubles can occur in stone fruits like peaches when environmental factors like water stress impact the developing ovary and cause it to create a twin. This can result in off sizes and challenges for processors. UCCE Farm Advisor Cameron Zuber spoke about the issue at the Malcolm Media Tree & Vine Expo, and with Matthew Malcolm of California Ag Network. Watch this quick video and learn more in California Fruit & Vegetable Magazine.

    Please thank this video’s sponsor Simplot for their industry support.

  • U.S. Truffle Growers to Gather in Sonoma County

    The North American Truffle Growers’ Association (NATGA) 2026 Congress will feature two full days of useful, relevant research and the latest information on truffle cultivation. You’ll be able to network with industry experts, successful truffle producers and leading truffle researchers. In addition to the scientific content, we are adding unique Sonoma County Events centered around truffles, such as wine and truffle bite pairing and a moderated panel discussion with well-known Michelin Star Chefs.

    For the first time ever, we are also offering three additional Bonus Truffle Experiences, with a variety of optional programs including: Cooking With Truffles, Truffle Dog Training and the Truffle Microscopy Workshop.

    These Bonus Truffle Experiences will take place before and/or after the Congress for an additional fee.

    Congress kicks off on Sunday evening at the Flamingo Resort, June 14 with our annual Welcome Reception where you can connect with old friends, meet new NATGA supporters and network with the experts. Day One will start at the Flamingo Resort and will feature presentations from our Keynote Speaker, Professor Alessandra Zambonelli, as well as additional industry professionals on topics related to truffle cultivation, production, and marketing of truffles. The afternoon will be spent touring a Sonoma County truffle orchard and vineyards, watching a truffle dog demonstration, and experiencing fabulous Sonoma County wines, paired with gourmet truffle bites prepared by Eric Anderson, a Michelin Star Chef.

    Day Two will include our annual NATGA members Business Meeting, an additional presentation by Prof Zambonelli as well as more truffle and Ag industry professionals in the morning. For the first time ever, the afternoon will also be available to the public via a Day Pass. The afternoon session, From Soil Prep to Harvest: Latest Research and Development for Truffle Cultivation will also be especially informative for those considering starting a truffle orchard. We’ll also feature a moderated Chef Panel Discussion with Michelin Star Chefs, a Truffle Marketplace, and Silent Auction. Congress concludes with our Closing Reception and Wine and Truffle Bite pairing.

    Agenda Highlights

    Keynote Speaker: Alessandra Zambonelli, PhD, Univ of Bologna, Italy

    • State of the Truffle Industry and Perspectives from Italy
    • Latest Developments and Techniques in Improving Soil Microbiomes

    Breeding and Training Exceptional Truffle-Hunting Dogs, Raúl Deoiz, Spain Founder and Manager of Trufdog.

    Truffle Species and Tree Species; New Combinations and Opportunities, Brian Upchurch, Carolina Truffiéres, NC

    Chef Panel Discussion with Michelin Star Chefs

    Optional Programs

    NATGA are preparing a series of extra curricular opportunities which may require additional fees

    Sunday 6/14.

    • Truffle Orchard Tours
    • Microscopy Course – Ann Scanlan
    • Cooking Class – Carey Angerer
    • Dog Training Class – Fran Angerer

    Wednesday 6/17

    • Truffle Orchard Tours
    • Microscopy Course
    • Cooking Class
    • Dog Training Class
    • Mushroom producer tour

    For more information, visit the NATGA website at https://trufflegrowers.com/event/natga-congress-spring-2026/. — North American Truffle Growers’ Association

  • APHIS Expands Mediterranean Fruit Fly Quarantine in California

    The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) expanded the Santa Clara Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata; Medfly) quarantine in Alameda and Santa Clara Counties, California. This action parallels the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) expansion of the Santa Clara Medfly quarantine published on January 2.

    APHIS and CDFA expanded the Santa Clara Medfly quarantine following the confirmed detection on December 17 of one wild male Medfly from a trap in on a residential property in an orange tree in Milpitas, Santa Clara County. This action expanded the quarantine by 17 square miles and does not include additional commercial agriculture. The amended quarantine encompasses 241 square miles with 58.76 acres of commercial agriculture, including grape, olive, orange, pepper, stone fruit, and tomato.

    APHIS is applying safeguarding measures and restrictions on the interstate movement of regulated articles to prevent the spread of Medfly to non-infested areas of the United States, as well as to prevent the entry of these fruit flies into foreign trade. APHIS is working with CDFA and the Agricultural Commissioners of Alameda and Santa Clara Counties to eradicate this transient fruit fly population following program guidelines for survey, treatment, and regulatory actions

    The APHIS Exotic Fruit Flies website contains descriptions and maps of all current Federal fruit fly quarantine areas. APHIS will publish a notice of this change in the Federal Register. —USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

  • U.S. Avocado Market Poised to Surpass 3 Billion Pounds for the First Time

    Hass Avocado Board — According to the latest volume count, accumulated through the course of 2025, and collective projections for the balance of the year, the Hass Avocado Board has concluded with a high degree of confidence, that the total avocado volume in the U.S. market is on track to exceed 3 billion pounds in 2025 — a historic milestone that underscores the fruit’s growing popularity and the strength of the avocado industry’s supply chain. This has been a number that has been on the industry’s radar since 2020, and after five years of weather-related impacts on crops from almost every country of origin, it appears that 2025 will be the year when we cross the 3 billion pound threshold.

    “This is a landmark moment for the avocado industry,” said Emiliano Escobedo, Executive Director of the Hass Avocado Board. “Surpassing 3 billion pounds is not just a number — it’s a testament to the tireless efforts of producers, importers, and marketers who have worked together to meet the growing demand for avocados in the U.S. market.”

    The projected volume represents a four percent increase from the previous year and reflects sustained consumer interest in avocados as a versatile, nutrient-dense food. It also highlights the success of industry-wide initiatives to promote year-round availability, enhance quality, and educate consumers on the benefits of avocados.

    There has been tremendous amounts of hard work and collaboration across the industry to transform avocados from being a misunderstood specialty fruit to today’s produce aisle powerhouse. Avocado Nation: An American Success Story, now streaming at HassAvocadoBoard.com/HAPRIOImpact, looks at how the business opportunity for avocado producers and importers has transformed since the Hass Avocado Promotion, Research and Information Order (HAPRIO) created the Hass Avocado Board (HAB) in 2002.

    “Avocados have become a staple in American households, and this milestone reflects how deeply they’re woven into our food culture,” Escobedo added. “As we look ahead, HAB remains committed to supporting the industry through data-driven insights, strategic marketing, and collaborative innovation.”

    “Avocados have become a staple in American households, and this milestone reflects how deeply they’re woven into our food culture,” Escobedo added. “As we look ahead, HAB remains committed to supporting the industry through data-driven insights, strategic marketing, and collaborative innovation.”

    Congratulations to everyone in the Hass avocado industry for this monumental achievement. It is the result of the hard work and dedication of every grower, every association, every packer, shipper, exporter and importer, and marketers, to have collectively reached this mark. A big thank you to our customers and consumers who have made our avocados one of America’s favorite fruits – and we will continue our work on behalf of all our stakeholders, on our way to number one!